1 0 0 . A C T I V E . R E V I E W I N G . M E T H O D S (plus a few passive ones!) A-Z SUMMARY OF THE REVIEWING METHODS DESCRIBED IN 'PLAYBACK: A GUIDE TO REVIEWING ACTIVITIES' by Roger Greenaway *** quotes *** "PLAYBACK is a treasure trove of group processes to use when debriefing an activity ... it should be on every trainer's bookshelf ..." Billie Taylor in Training and Development ************* "The number and range of reviewing methods discussed in PLAYBACK are impressive." Jeffrey Gold in Education and Training ************* Roger writes: If you just need a prompt sheet, here it is - a mixture of titles plus a few short descriptions. If you want more detail, use the links on this page to go straight to the relevant page of the 'On-line Guide to Active Reviewing' at http://reviewing.co.uk - where you will also find several other reviewing methods that are not in Playback. For full details of all the reviewing methods below (plus chapters on Reviewing Theory, Purposes, Settings, Issues, Skills, and Resources) you will need the book itself! Playback (contents, links and how to order): http://reviewing.co.uk/pbk.htm To help bring the pages to life, ask about trainer-training workshops in reviewing skills... *** quote *** "The course has definitely altered my reviewing perspective. Before the course I had a copy of PLAYBACK but did not use the ideas. After the course having seen those ideas done live I now find it easier to use the book and apply the ideas to work." Andi Roberts ************* Reviewing skills training workshops and consultancy: http://reviewing.co.uk/trainingworkshops.htm Any questions? Please find contact details at http://reviewing.co.uk A~Z SUMMARY OF REVIEWING METHODS IN 'PLAYBACK' _____________________________________________ ACTION POINTS provide a means of carrying forward what is learned from one activity to the next, or to a similar situation. TANDEM REVIEWING involves reviewing the experience from which the action point comes together with the experience to which it might apply. THE WARM SEAT generates ideas for action points prompted by questions from the seated person (unlike the 'hot seat' where individuals are put on the spot and face questions from others). http://reviewing.co.uk/feedback.htm ACTION REPLAY Just as on TV, the action is 'played back' either to examine an incident more closely or to replay an event worth celebrating. But there are no cameras in this method - making it cheaper, more fun, more versatile and more effective. FANTASY REPLAY 'IN THE STYLE OF' REPLAY http://reviewing.co.uk/stories/replay.htm ARTS are reviewable activities; they also provide limitless opportunities for reviewing other activities and experiences. ART AS A TOOL FOR RAISING AWARENESS EXPLORING ISSUES THROUGH ART ARTS ACTIVITY AS COLLECTIVE AND INDIVIDUAL SELF-EXPRESSION PEOPLE PRESENTING THEMSELVES AS THEY WOULD WANT TO BE SEEN CARDS provide endless possibilities as a reviewing aid. CHAT CARDS: LISTENING TO, AND REPRESENTING OTHERS CARD RACE: AGENDA RAISING AND PRIORITISING SCORE CARDS: MONITORING GROUP ACHIEVEMENTS JOGGER CARDS: REMINDING INDIVIDUALS OF ACTION POINTS CREDIT CARDS: AN APPRAISAL GAME CARTOONS help people to tell the 'story' of what happened during an activity stage by stage. DRAWING AN 'OUTSIDE' PROBLEM EXAMINING AN 'OUTSIDE' PROBLEM CARTOON TAPESTRY DISCUSSION Ways of encouraging more balanced participation. REVIEWING REVIEW DISCUSSIONS PARTICIPATION LINE-UP MATCHSTICKS THE CONCH BALL OF WOOL QUESTION AND ANSWER ONLY SUMMARISE FIRST GOLDFISH BOWL http://reviewing.co.uk/discuss/discuss.htm *** quote *** "PLAYBACK is very practical, attractively presented and easy to read." Bill Roberts in Careers Guidance Today ************* EVALUATION PLUS, MINUS, INTERESTING (from Edward de Bono) PICTURES BALANCES 'What have you found to be TOO MUCH? ... NOT ENOUGH? ... JUST RIGHT ...? (and why?) COURSE DESIGN 'BEYOND ENJOYMENT!' http://reviewing.co.uk/evaluation/methods1.htm FORCES Reviewing methods which are inspired by Kurt Lewin's 'force field analysis'. GROUP SNAKES AND LADDERS INDIVIDUAL SNAKES AND LADDERS INDIVIDUAL FORCE FIELDS GIFTS is an appraisal activity in which people make, find or mime gifts for each other. The gifts represent qualities that were in evidence during the event being reviewed. http://reviewing.co.uk/feedback.htm GUIDED REFLECTION Participants lie down and listen while the reviewer talks through what happened in a way that prompts reflection. HUMAN SCULPTURE is an active way of looking at patterns and relationships in a group. The method can be used to highlight different patterns at various times during the activity. THEME SCULPTURES INDIVIDUAL SCULPTURES SYMBOLIC SCULPTURES INDEPENDENT REVIEWING Suitable independent review tasks: ACTION POINTS, ACTION REPLAYS, ART, GROUP POEM, GROUP SONG, NEWS REPORT, making a TAPE-RECORDING or VIDEO about the last activity, PREPARATION FOR APPRAISAL, QUESTIONNAIRES, REVIEW DISCUSSION (PREPARATION), REVIEW DISCUSSION (OBSERVATION) LABELLING (in this exercise) enables people to experience what it is like to be in other people's shoes. LEARNING TO LEARN For many people, the most lasting impact of activity-based learning is that they are learning to learn in new ways. A MODEL OF LEARNING REVIEWING TO DEVELOP LEARNING SKILLS METAPHORS extend the power of words and phrases by using them out of their original context. METAPHOR PORTRAITS TEAMWORK METAPHORS EXTENDIBLE METAPHORS MID-ACTIVITY REVIEWING an easy way to 'sell' reviewing, especially if making use of a break during an activity in which people are having difficulties, and want to succeed. HALF-TIME COMMENTARY PAIRS QUESTIONNAIRES OBSERVERS MID-REVIEW ACTIVITY Interrupting discussion with action can help to keep a group alert. An 'active' interruption can help a group to clarify, test out or visualise something that has been said... CHECKING THE FACTS CHANGING THE PAST TESTING ASSERTIONS VISUALISING AN ACTION POINT OBJECTIVES BALANCING OBJECTIVES ARROWS (1) ARROWS (2) GRIDS OBSERVING Observing and reporting back observations can heighten awareness of self, others and group dynamics. OBSERVATION PROJECT OBSERVING BLINDFOLDED PEOPLE REPORTING OBSERVATIONS An observer may be asked to record: POSITIVES, IDEAS, DECISIONS, SUPPORT, QUOTES, DIAGRAMS, SOCIOGRAM, HAPPY CHART, TIMES etc. *** quote *** "PLAYBACK is principally written for those working with young people. But review activity is ageless. It is also interdisciplinary. Hence there is much of practical value, not least the excellent bibliography, for anyone involved in development activity where review is an integral feature." Jeffrey Gold in Education and Training ************* PERFORMING describes how (without training in drama skills) people can create and produce a play for performing to an audience. A PERFORMANCE BASED ON ACTION REPLAYS PICTURES create many talking points; create opportunities for informal one-to-one reviewing; and can stimulate more insightful discussion than even the most skilled questioning. CHOOSE A PICTURE MAKE A COLLAGE DRAW OR PAINT A PICTURE: BEFORE AND AFTER; PROBLEMS AND ACHIEVEMENTS. http://reviewing.co.uk/pictures/intro.htm PLAYBACK When playing back a video or audio recording there are several ways in which it can be used for reviewing. These are some of the options: CHARTS, QUESTIONS, CHANGES, SOUNDS, SIGHTS, BRIEFING, STATEMENTS INCIDENTS POSITIONS quickly allows everyone to make their 'position' clear on a particular issue, and increases participation in discussions. LINE-UPS ABOUT GROUP BEHAVIOUR LINE-UPS ABOUT INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR TWO DIMENSIONAL LINE-UPS PREDICTIONS appeal to everyone's betting instincts. Their degree of accuracy generates useful talking points for reviewing. FIRST IMPRESSIONS PREDICTIONS ABOUT SELF PREDICTIONS ABOUT OTHERS PREPARATION Some reviewing methods need to be set up well in advance, involving preparation before the programme or before the activity. PRACTISING USEFUL SKILLS VARYING REVIEWING METHODS SEQUENCING REVIEWING METHODS PREPARATION BY LEARNERS PREPARING THE REVIEW (BUT NOT THE ACTIVITY) PRESENTATIONS are opportunities for people to communicate to others about their experiences and what they have learned. GETTING THE MESSAGE ACROSS CONVERTING REVIEWING METHODS SOMETHING TO SHOW SPREADING THE GOOD NEWS IF ONLY MY MUM COULD SEE ME NOW! QUESTIONNAIRES can be used at any stage of a reviewing sequence ... QUICK QUESTIONNAIRES INDIVIDUALISED QUESTIONNAIRES TAILOR-MADE QUESTIONNAIRES QUESTIONNAIRES FOR NOTE-TAKING QUESTIONS BASED ON SKILLS CHECKLISTS QUESTIONS Asking questions to the group is a popular form of reviewing - more popular than it should be, because it is often used as a review method when little thought has been given to alternatives. QUESTIONS ON A THEME TRIGGER QUESTIONS ANALYTICAL QUESTIONING http://reviewing.co.uk/success/success2.htm REPEATING THE ACTIVITY provides three opportunities for reviewing ... 1) BEFORE: REPLANNING 2) DURING: REVIEWING WHILE DOING 3) AFTER: REVIEWING BOTH ACTIVITIES TOGETHER REPLANNING BY STAFF REPLANNING BY THE GROUP VISIONING THE SECOND ATTEMPT REPEATING WITH COMMENTARY REPORTS FORMATS SELF APPRAISAL PEER APPRAISAL STAFF APPRAISAL ROLES ROLE CHECKLIST MISSING ROLES STAFF ROLES ROUNDS are sentences started by the reviewer which are finished by each person in turn. The sentences can be about facts or feelings, self or others, past, present or future. SENTENCE BEGINNINGS, EXPRESSION, FEEDBACK, LEARNING, PLANNING, CLOSING, CARDS, THREE WORDS, ORBITS, MIME, CARDS, THREE WORDS, ORBITS, MIME. http://reviewing.co.uk/rounds.htm SCORES Scores help to speed up the reviewing process, and quickly highlight the subjects or issues most worth talking about in detail. GOAL SCORES PREDICTING SCORES FOR SELF AND GROUP BETTING PREDICTING INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE JUDGING GROUP SCORING OF INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE *** quote *** "PLAYBACK is a useful handbook for trainers in industry, youth workers, teachers, youth leaders and activity instructors." The Award Journal ************* SELF-IMAGES MODELLING PERSONAL ACTIVITY MAP SKETCH MAP a useful starting point for reviewing a group journey. SOUNDTRACK a visual method of transferring learning from one situation to another. SPEAKING FOR A PARTNER Speaking as if you are another person is both a way of finding out what it might be like in their shoes, and a way of showing how well you know them. (Also known as 'egoing') STORIES Telling stories is the 'method' that people will naturally use to tell others about their experiences. There are many constructive ways in which the reviewer can assist this 'natural' process. MEMORY GAME RE-LIVING THE ACTIVITY SAME AND DIFFERENT FINDING THE BONES DRESSING THE SKELETON http://reviewing.co.uk/stories/intro.htm TAPE-RECORDING Audio tape-recorders have many uses as a reviewing aid, and have advantages over video cameras. RADIO NEWS UPS AND DOWNS to encourage awareness of others and the expression of feelings. MOVING HANDS UP AND DOWN WALKABOUT: PAIRED CONVERSATIONS HAPPY CHART VIDEO is rarely used well in reviewing, but with careful planning, video gives access to a useful variety of reviewing methods. MAKING TWO VIDEOS MAKING A REVIEW VIDEO DEVELOPING RESPONSIBILITY DEVELOPING CO-OPERATION N.B. This handbook was written for working with young people but most (perhaps all?) of the methods described above have been successfully used with managers and other adults. /\/\/\ COPYRIGHT: FEEL FREE TO FORWARD THIS PAGE /\/\/\ COPYRIGHT Roger Greenaway 2000 Reviewing Skills Training You may forward this page in its entirety. If you are viewing this page in Internet Explorer, click the 'mail' icon and select 'send this page'. Or simply recommend your friends to get their own instant copy of '100 ACTIVE REVIEWING METHODS' by going to this address: http://reviewing.co.uk/toolkit/methods.htm /\/\/\ ANY QUESTIONS? /\/\/\ Any questions or comments? Please go to http://reviewing.co.uk for contact information or phone +44 1786 450968 /\/\/\ ACTIVE REVIEWING TIPS /\/\/\ 'ACTIVE REVIEWING TIPS' the free monthly newsletter will keep you up to date with these and other reviewing resources. See the back issues index and join the list at: http://reviewing.co.uk/archives/index.htm /\/\/\ PLAYBACK /\/\/\ Playback http://reviewing.co.uk/pbk.htm